HPV can be divided into several sub-categories. Some types are more resistant to treatment than others, and some are associated with the early stages of cancer in the genitals.
Genital warts are very common viral sexually transmitted disease. The disease usually hits young people in their 20S.
Genital warts are soft, moist, or fleshes colored and appear in the genital area within weeks or months after infection. Genital warts can show up in women on the vulva and cervix, and inside and surrounding the vagina and anus. In men, genital warts can appear on the scrotum or penis. These are considered low-risk type. High-risk types of HPV may cause abnormal Pap smear results. They could lead to cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, or penis.
Genital warts are mainly spread through sexual contact. In rare cases both adults and children are infected indirectly, for instance through the use of an infected towel. Babies can also be infected during delivery.
Genital warts transmitted through during oral, vaginal, or anal sex with an infected partner. You can also get them by skin-to-skin contact. About two-thirds of people who have sexual contact with a partner with genital warts will develop warts, usually within 3 months of contact.
Rarely, genital warts also can develop in your mouth or throat if you have oral sex with an infected person.
Like many STIs, genital HPV infections often do not have signs and symptoms that you can see or feel. One study sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) reported that almost half of women infected with HPV had no obvious symptoms.
If you are infected but have no symptoms, you can still spread HPV to your sexual partner and/or develop complications from the virus.
A vaccine for females 9 to 26 years old is approved to prevent HPV infection, which causes most cervical cancers and genital warts. The vaccine, called Gardasil, is given as three injections over a 6-month period. It doesn't protect females who've already been infected with HPV, and doesn't protect against all types of HPV.
When properly and consistently used, condoms decrease the risk of STDs. Latex condoms provides greater protection than natural-membrane condoms. The female condom, made of polyurethane, is also considered effective against STDs.
There is no treatment that can completely eliminate genital warts once a person has been infected. Often outbreaks of genital warts will become less frequent over time, until the body naturally clears the virus and the warts disappear of their own accord. However, in some people the infection may linger.
A doctor can give patients various treatments to clear genital warts, but they may reappear even after treatment. Genital warts are caused by a virus, not a bacterium, so antibiotics will not get rid of them.
Your doctor will do an examination, make a diagnosis, and then provide treatment, if necessary. There are a number of different treatments. Depending on where the warts are located, how big they are, and how many there are, your doctor can treat them in several ways. Some genital warts can be treated by putting special medications on them. If warts are large, the doctor may carefully “freeze” them off by using a chemical or laser treatment to remove them.
Because HPV lives in the skin, warts can come back. So you may need to visit the doctor again. Anyone with whom you have had sex also should be checked for genital warts.
Most HPV infections do not progress to cervical cancer. If you are a woman with abnormal cervical cells, a Pap smear will detect them. If you have abnormal cervical cells, it is particularly important for you to have regular pelvic exams and Pap smears so you can be treated early, if necessary.
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